17. (VII) to V (or raised IV) chords

The characteristic element of these chords is the adding in the bass line of a leading tone to the dominant note.

Hence the reason that it has often been labeled as a "raised IV". 

A typical bass-line would be (1) (3) (4) )(#4) (5) (1):

VII to V01

 

Very often the bass-note (#4) is part of a diminished seventh chord (in minor and major) or a half-diminished chord (in major).

Because of the strong working of the leading tone in the bass-line we experience the chord on the (#4) of the scale as a secondary or applied dominant: (VII7) to V.

We give several examples.

In minor:

VII to V02

 

In major:

VII to V03

 

VII to V04